Kristopher Conlin
2500 Club Member
Partner Member 2024
Excellence Award
RGB
Hospitality Award
Midwest Reefer
MASSM
R2R Secret Santa 2023
I slightly panicked for a second when I first saw a bunch of little orange dots in my aquarium right next to my ocellaris clownfish and their anemone. My immediate thought was that it was some weird algae or pest. A few seconds later I realized my clowns had laid eggs!
I thought it was pretty cool and wasn't planning on trying to raise them but my wife was absolutely determined that I do everything I could to save them. "They are our babies!" she said. I had about 8 days until they hatched so I began to do a ton of research. I'm going to do my best to distill everything I've learned and share what helped me be successful and link to the resources and products that I used. Hopefully this helps some other reefers out that want to give breeding a shot!
I initially found Bahama Llama Corals YouTube channel and his clownfish breeding adventure. Through him I found @Reef Nutrition. Their products are an absolute necessity and I shortly bought the Breeder Pack and a zoaplankton harvesting sieve from them. You will also want to pick up a sponge filter if you don't already have one and start it cycling for later.
The breeder pack has almost everything you need to start culturing rotifers which will be the first food for your clownfish fry. The other things you will need for this are a food grade 5 gallon bucket, a brush for cleaning the bucket, a small aquarium heater and optionally an air pump with airline and a wash bottle (makes rinsing the rotifers before feeding much easier). You will want to buy these things in advanced as it takes some time for the rotifer population to grow to the point that it can be harvested. The rotifers tend to reproduce faster at lower salinity levels of around 1.011. I would keep a 5 gallon bucket next to the culture that I would use to refill when I would harvest. I found it easiest to fill it about a quarter full of 1.026 saltwater and add rodi til it read 1.011. They will need to be fed RG Complete(this is part of the breeder pack) at least twice a day but ideally more. I did my best to feed 2 ml when I woke up, right before I left for work, when I got home from work, and before bed for a total of 8 mls a day. I would occasionally supplement with additional feedings of the rotigreen omega also included in the kit and the rotifers seemed to love it. Once the culture is established after about 3 days you will need to start harvesting about 25% of the culture a day using the sieve, scrub the inside of the culture bucket and wash the filter daily. Make sure you don't turn the flow off or you will harvest too many rotifers as they float to the top which could potential crash your culture. Reef Nutrition has a video covering the process with a different kit but the process is almost the same.
The rotigreen omega will come in a plastic bag and the majority of it will need to be frozen. You get a very large amount in the pack. I used an ice cube tray to freeze it and then put the cubes into ziploc bags. I would thaw one or two a week in a little glass jar in my fridge to use for tinting (explained below) and water changes. You will need to add some saltwater to the container of thawed Rotigreen to thin the consistency as it won't mix well undiluted. On the packaging it states you can add it directly from the bag. Do NOT do this. It can poor out very quickly and if you add too much to your fry tank it can kill the entire clutch.
You will also want to set up a tank to put the fry in once they hatch. For this I used a basic 10 gallon aquarium with a lid and a desk lamp. You will want to make the bottom of the tank white for easier observation by either painting it or using paper taped to the bottom glass. It will also need three sides painted black or covered in a black material. For the front have a black plastic you can remove for viewing. I used a black trash bag cut to size with painters tape to hold it in place. The fry will be attracted to light so you will only want a light source coming from the top of the tank so they won't injure themselves by bumping into the glass sides. This is also prevent SFS or "sudden fright syndrome" where they can literally be scared to death. Try to resist the urge to constantly check on them and when you do, move slowly. It is best to put the tank in a low traffic area. I set mine up in a bedroom closet. The light will need to be left on 24/7 for the first few weeks to help the fry hunt the rotifers or they will starve to death. The aquarium will need an appropriately sized heater and ideally two airlines one on each end of the tank dialed back with an air valve. You want some flow to oxygenate the water and circulate the rotifers for fry to hunt, but not too much to send the fry on a rollercoaster ride. Just a few bubbles a second.
On hatch day I did a 3 gallon water change on the parents tank and put that water into the fry tank so they wouldn't be shocked by parameter swing when moved. I then added a harvest of rotifers and did what's callied "tinting the water" . Or added the rotigreen omega til the water is a greenish tint and is opaque. This serves two purposes. One to serve as food for the rotifers so they remain nutritious to the fry. And second to cloud the water so the fry are shielded from bright light and give them some depth perception. If you notice all the little fry huddled in a corner or swimming very quickly in circles its too bright and needs more tint. You want to tint so they are free swimming and hunting for the rotifers. The sponge filter will eventually be added to this tank but not until after day 15ish once the larval clownfish go through metamorphosis and become juvenile clownfish.
Now that I could feed the fry and had a proper home prepared, it was time to catch them on hatch night! If they stay in the parents tank they will not survive. For me they laid eggs on live rock that I couldn't remove. If you get them to spawn on a tile or clay pot this step is significantly easier as your can remove the entire pot or tile on hatch night and put it into the fry tank. However it can still be done if they laid eggs on something you can't remove. You will need a Vossen Larval Trap, airline tubing with a valve to slow down the bubbles and an air pump. A YouTuber named Luis Perez has a great video on how to use this as well as a full series on clownfish breeding. I learned a lot from his videos.
On hatch night you will want to shut off all the flow right before the lights turn off so the fry won't be killed by the powerheads or sucked down the overflow. About 30 minutes after the lights turn off the eggs will begin to hatch. If any light shines on them they will stop hatching and you will need to wait for a while after lights turn off again. If the tank stays in complete darkness most of the fry will have hatched after about two hours. Once that time has passed you can turn on the light included in the trap as well as the bubble stream to gently pull the fry in.
There always seems to be a few that are too quick for the trap. After I had caught all but the last few I removed the trap and brought the light close to the surface and used a small cup by hand to scoop out the fry.
Once they are all caught you will want to introduce them to the fry tank now stocked with rotifers and tinted with rotigreen omega. I slowly dipped in the trap and let the water come slowly through the sieve. Once it had mixed a bit I very slowly tipped the trap to release the fry into the tank.
The next 15 days are the most crucial and require the most attention. Try your best to clear your schedule of any major commitments. I canceled a summer vacation. For the next 15 days you will be making sure that there is enough rotifers for the fry to eat and keeping them nutritiously full of phyto using the rotigreen omega. It is recommended to use a microscope to count how many rotifers are in 1 ml of water with 10 per ml is the goal. I personally didn't use a microscope and just counted how many I saw in 1ml of fry tank water pulled into my pipette. You can add more rotifers when you do your daily harvests if needed to get to the correct density. Once the rotifer population is established in the fry tank they will quickly eat the rotigreen in the water so you will need to monitor and continually add more to tint it enough. I noticed the rotifer population eventually got to the point that I no longer had to add any additional rotifers. Just feed them more rotigreen into the fry tank to keep an appropriate density. If you want to continue to keep your 5 gallon bucket culture of rotifers alive you can use the harvests to feed your display tank corals and small critters instead until you have a new batch of fry to feed. In the few days after hatch you may lose some fry and these will need to be siphoned out along with the buildup on the bottom of the tank. I used a piece of ridged airline tubing with regular airline attached like a mini gravel vacuum to clean the bottom daily. To add water back I used a BRS kalk dripper kit on a gallon container of saltwater pre tinted with rotigreen. You want to drip this in slowly to not shock the fry.
The fry will eat mostly rotifers for the next 10 to 15 days. However you will want to follow this chart from reef nutrition of when to introduce the different sized peletized food.
From now on you will be doing daily water changes of about 50% keeping an eye on ammonia and dosing something like Seachem Prime or ChlorAM-X to detoxify the ammonia build up. I personally added Prime according to the directions to the gallon of tinted saltwater I dripped into the fry tank each day. I kept the tank about half full during this stage to increase the density of rotifers and to use less saltwater during water changes. As the fry grew I slowly increased the water volume to fill the entire tank.
You will also need to feed the appropriate sized TDO pellets according to the chart daily starting about day 3. I would feed at the same time I introduced a harvest of rotifers so the fry would hopefully associate it with food.
This is essentially the routine for the next 15 or so days. Keep the water tinted and full of rotifers. Keep on top of daily water changes to keep ammonia down and the tank clean of the accumulated filth on the bottom. Around day 15 they will start going through metamorphosis and get their first stripe. This is the point your work keeping the water clean and full of nutritious food during the first two weeks will pay off in how many fry make it through the transition. This was my favorite part of the whole process. Watching them try to learn to swim like adults in a little S pattern was incredibly cute and really fun to watch.
Once they go through metamorphosis and get their stripe everything becomes much much easier. You can finally add the cycled sponge filter to manage ammonia. They will begin weaning off rotifers at this point so you will want to start feeding the appropriate TDO in small amounts several times a day. You will still want to keep up on daily water changes as the rotifers will begin to die since you are no longer tinting with rotigreen and will need to be siphoned off the bottom.
At this point the process is essentially the same as taking care of adult clownfish besides much more frequent feeding. Just continue to follow the chart for the recommended TDO pellet size and enjoy your tiny clownfish! After about 4 months I was able to switch to feeding two to three times a day.
This was everything that I could think of to share about breeding baby clownfish. If i think of other tips I will add them as needed but I believe I covered the most important parts. I know this was a long read but I hope that this post could help at least one person. This is a long process and it takes a lot of time, patience and dedication. But it truly does pay off and it is very rewarding to watch the babies grow into clowns. I am by no means an expert breeder, I just wanted to share my experience and what worked for me. It is exciting and awesome and good luck to anybody who takes a crack at it!
I thought it was pretty cool and wasn't planning on trying to raise them but my wife was absolutely determined that I do everything I could to save them. "They are our babies!" she said. I had about 8 days until they hatched so I began to do a ton of research. I'm going to do my best to distill everything I've learned and share what helped me be successful and link to the resources and products that I used. Hopefully this helps some other reefers out that want to give breeding a shot!
I initially found Bahama Llama Corals YouTube channel and his clownfish breeding adventure. Through him I found @Reef Nutrition. Their products are an absolute necessity and I shortly bought the Breeder Pack and a zoaplankton harvesting sieve from them. You will also want to pick up a sponge filter if you don't already have one and start it cycling for later.
The breeder pack has almost everything you need to start culturing rotifers which will be the first food for your clownfish fry. The other things you will need for this are a food grade 5 gallon bucket, a brush for cleaning the bucket, a small aquarium heater and optionally an air pump with airline and a wash bottle (makes rinsing the rotifers before feeding much easier). You will want to buy these things in advanced as it takes some time for the rotifer population to grow to the point that it can be harvested. The rotifers tend to reproduce faster at lower salinity levels of around 1.011. I would keep a 5 gallon bucket next to the culture that I would use to refill when I would harvest. I found it easiest to fill it about a quarter full of 1.026 saltwater and add rodi til it read 1.011. They will need to be fed RG Complete(this is part of the breeder pack) at least twice a day but ideally more. I did my best to feed 2 ml when I woke up, right before I left for work, when I got home from work, and before bed for a total of 8 mls a day. I would occasionally supplement with additional feedings of the rotigreen omega also included in the kit and the rotifers seemed to love it. Once the culture is established after about 3 days you will need to start harvesting about 25% of the culture a day using the sieve, scrub the inside of the culture bucket and wash the filter daily. Make sure you don't turn the flow off or you will harvest too many rotifers as they float to the top which could potential crash your culture. Reef Nutrition has a video covering the process with a different kit but the process is almost the same.
The rotigreen omega will come in a plastic bag and the majority of it will need to be frozen. You get a very large amount in the pack. I used an ice cube tray to freeze it and then put the cubes into ziploc bags. I would thaw one or two a week in a little glass jar in my fridge to use for tinting (explained below) and water changes. You will need to add some saltwater to the container of thawed Rotigreen to thin the consistency as it won't mix well undiluted. On the packaging it states you can add it directly from the bag. Do NOT do this. It can poor out very quickly and if you add too much to your fry tank it can kill the entire clutch.
You will also want to set up a tank to put the fry in once they hatch. For this I used a basic 10 gallon aquarium with a lid and a desk lamp. You will want to make the bottom of the tank white for easier observation by either painting it or using paper taped to the bottom glass. It will also need three sides painted black or covered in a black material. For the front have a black plastic you can remove for viewing. I used a black trash bag cut to size with painters tape to hold it in place. The fry will be attracted to light so you will only want a light source coming from the top of the tank so they won't injure themselves by bumping into the glass sides. This is also prevent SFS or "sudden fright syndrome" where they can literally be scared to death. Try to resist the urge to constantly check on them and when you do, move slowly. It is best to put the tank in a low traffic area. I set mine up in a bedroom closet. The light will need to be left on 24/7 for the first few weeks to help the fry hunt the rotifers or they will starve to death. The aquarium will need an appropriately sized heater and ideally two airlines one on each end of the tank dialed back with an air valve. You want some flow to oxygenate the water and circulate the rotifers for fry to hunt, but not too much to send the fry on a rollercoaster ride. Just a few bubbles a second.
On hatch day I did a 3 gallon water change on the parents tank and put that water into the fry tank so they wouldn't be shocked by parameter swing when moved. I then added a harvest of rotifers and did what's callied "tinting the water" . Or added the rotigreen omega til the water is a greenish tint and is opaque. This serves two purposes. One to serve as food for the rotifers so they remain nutritious to the fry. And second to cloud the water so the fry are shielded from bright light and give them some depth perception. If you notice all the little fry huddled in a corner or swimming very quickly in circles its too bright and needs more tint. You want to tint so they are free swimming and hunting for the rotifers. The sponge filter will eventually be added to this tank but not until after day 15ish once the larval clownfish go through metamorphosis and become juvenile clownfish.
Now that I could feed the fry and had a proper home prepared, it was time to catch them on hatch night! If they stay in the parents tank they will not survive. For me they laid eggs on live rock that I couldn't remove. If you get them to spawn on a tile or clay pot this step is significantly easier as your can remove the entire pot or tile on hatch night and put it into the fry tank. However it can still be done if they laid eggs on something you can't remove. You will need a Vossen Larval Trap, airline tubing with a valve to slow down the bubbles and an air pump. A YouTuber named Luis Perez has a great video on how to use this as well as a full series on clownfish breeding. I learned a lot from his videos.
On hatch night you will want to shut off all the flow right before the lights turn off so the fry won't be killed by the powerheads or sucked down the overflow. About 30 minutes after the lights turn off the eggs will begin to hatch. If any light shines on them they will stop hatching and you will need to wait for a while after lights turn off again. If the tank stays in complete darkness most of the fry will have hatched after about two hours. Once that time has passed you can turn on the light included in the trap as well as the bubble stream to gently pull the fry in.
There always seems to be a few that are too quick for the trap. After I had caught all but the last few I removed the trap and brought the light close to the surface and used a small cup by hand to scoop out the fry.
Once they are all caught you will want to introduce them to the fry tank now stocked with rotifers and tinted with rotigreen omega. I slowly dipped in the trap and let the water come slowly through the sieve. Once it had mixed a bit I very slowly tipped the trap to release the fry into the tank.
The next 15 days are the most crucial and require the most attention. Try your best to clear your schedule of any major commitments. I canceled a summer vacation. For the next 15 days you will be making sure that there is enough rotifers for the fry to eat and keeping them nutritiously full of phyto using the rotigreen omega. It is recommended to use a microscope to count how many rotifers are in 1 ml of water with 10 per ml is the goal. I personally didn't use a microscope and just counted how many I saw in 1ml of fry tank water pulled into my pipette. You can add more rotifers when you do your daily harvests if needed to get to the correct density. Once the rotifer population is established in the fry tank they will quickly eat the rotigreen in the water so you will need to monitor and continually add more to tint it enough. I noticed the rotifer population eventually got to the point that I no longer had to add any additional rotifers. Just feed them more rotigreen into the fry tank to keep an appropriate density. If you want to continue to keep your 5 gallon bucket culture of rotifers alive you can use the harvests to feed your display tank corals and small critters instead until you have a new batch of fry to feed. In the few days after hatch you may lose some fry and these will need to be siphoned out along with the buildup on the bottom of the tank. I used a piece of ridged airline tubing with regular airline attached like a mini gravel vacuum to clean the bottom daily. To add water back I used a BRS kalk dripper kit on a gallon container of saltwater pre tinted with rotigreen. You want to drip this in slowly to not shock the fry.
The fry will eat mostly rotifers for the next 10 to 15 days. However you will want to follow this chart from reef nutrition of when to introduce the different sized peletized food.
From now on you will be doing daily water changes of about 50% keeping an eye on ammonia and dosing something like Seachem Prime or ChlorAM-X to detoxify the ammonia build up. I personally added Prime according to the directions to the gallon of tinted saltwater I dripped into the fry tank each day. I kept the tank about half full during this stage to increase the density of rotifers and to use less saltwater during water changes. As the fry grew I slowly increased the water volume to fill the entire tank.
You will also need to feed the appropriate sized TDO pellets according to the chart daily starting about day 3. I would feed at the same time I introduced a harvest of rotifers so the fry would hopefully associate it with food.
This is essentially the routine for the next 15 or so days. Keep the water tinted and full of rotifers. Keep on top of daily water changes to keep ammonia down and the tank clean of the accumulated filth on the bottom. Around day 15 they will start going through metamorphosis and get their first stripe. This is the point your work keeping the water clean and full of nutritious food during the first two weeks will pay off in how many fry make it through the transition. This was my favorite part of the whole process. Watching them try to learn to swim like adults in a little S pattern was incredibly cute and really fun to watch.
Once they go through metamorphosis and get their stripe everything becomes much much easier. You can finally add the cycled sponge filter to manage ammonia. They will begin weaning off rotifers at this point so you will want to start feeding the appropriate TDO in small amounts several times a day. You will still want to keep up on daily water changes as the rotifers will begin to die since you are no longer tinting with rotigreen and will need to be siphoned off the bottom.
At this point the process is essentially the same as taking care of adult clownfish besides much more frequent feeding. Just continue to follow the chart for the recommended TDO pellet size and enjoy your tiny clownfish! After about 4 months I was able to switch to feeding two to three times a day.
This was everything that I could think of to share about breeding baby clownfish. If i think of other tips I will add them as needed but I believe I covered the most important parts. I know this was a long read but I hope that this post could help at least one person. This is a long process and it takes a lot of time, patience and dedication. But it truly does pay off and it is very rewarding to watch the babies grow into clowns. I am by no means an expert breeder, I just wanted to share my experience and what worked for me. It is exciting and awesome and good luck to anybody who takes a crack at it!
Last edited:
