Randy Holmes-Farley
Reef Chemist
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Am not debating, am just stating that P is only a limiting factor to the other nutrients wend its zero, I’ve included GFO a few comments back, it’s a alternative to the increase of the nutrient C and N doing the same job. GFO it’s a standard procedure in reefing and the formula accounts for that.
In a published study using normal seawater containing 0.012 ppm N (partly ammonia and partly nitrate) and 0.012 ppm phosphate, one species of macroalgae was phosphate limited for growth, and eight species were N limited. These limiting factors were evaluated by dosing them and observing what effects enrichment had.
I do not see how ratios or equations would have predicted this experimental observation.